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# meson build directory
build/
# exclude test data folders
test/*/
# external projects, if any
subprojects/*/
# hidden files
.*
!.clang-format
!.clang-tidy
!.gitignore
!.gitmodules
# KDevelop projects
*.kdev4
# Prerequisites
*.d
# Compiled Object files
*.slo
*.lo
*.o
*.obj
# Precompiled Headers
*.gch
*.pch
# Compiled Dynamic libraries
*.so
*.dylib
*.dll
# Fortran module files
*.mod
*.smod
# Compiled Static libraries
*.lai
*.la
*.a
*.lib
# Executables
*.exe
*.out
*.app

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GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
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notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
<program> Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands
might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box".
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.
For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you
may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
Public License instead of this License. But first, please read
<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/why-not-lgpl.html>.

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GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Version 3, 29 June 2007
Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <https://fsf.org/>
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
This version of the GNU Lesser General Public License incorporates
the terms and conditions of version 3 of the GNU General Public
License, supplemented by the additional permissions listed below.
0. Additional Definitions.
As used herein, "this License" refers to version 3 of the GNU Lesser
General Public License, and the "GNU GPL" refers to version 3 of the GNU
General Public License.
"The Library" refers to a covered work governed by this License,
other than an Application or a Combined Work as defined below.
An "Application" is any work that makes use of an interface provided
by the Library, but which is not otherwise based on the Library.
Defining a subclass of a class defined by the Library is deemed a mode
of using an interface provided by the Library.
A "Combined Work" is a work produced by combining or linking an
Application with the Library. The particular version of the Library
with which the Combined Work was made is also called the "Linked
Version".
The "Minimal Corresponding Source" for a Combined Work means the
Corresponding Source for the Combined Work, excluding any source code
for portions of the Combined Work that, considered in isolation, are
based on the Application, and not on the Linked Version.
The "Corresponding Application Code" for a Combined Work means the
object code and/or source code for the Application, including any data
and utility programs needed for reproducing the Combined Work from the
Application, but excluding the System Libraries of the Combined Work.
1. Exception to Section 3 of the GNU GPL.
You may convey a covered work under sections 3 and 4 of this License
without being bound by section 3 of the GNU GPL.
2. Conveying Modified Versions.
If you modify a copy of the Library, and, in your modifications, a
facility refers to a function or data to be supplied by an Application
that uses the facility (other than as an argument passed when the
facility is invoked), then you may convey a copy of the modified
version:
a) under this License, provided that you make a good faith effort to
ensure that, in the event an Application does not supply the
function or data, the facility still operates, and performs
whatever part of its purpose remains meaningful, or
b) under the GNU GPL, with none of the additional permissions of
this License applicable to that copy.
3. Object Code Incorporating Material from Library Header Files.
The object code form of an Application may incorporate material from
a header file that is part of the Library. You may convey such object
code under terms of your choice, provided that, if the incorporated
material is not limited to numerical parameters, data structure
layouts and accessors, or small macros, inline functions and templates
(ten or fewer lines in length), you do both of the following:
a) Give prominent notice with each copy of the object code that the
Library is used in it and that the Library and its use are
covered by this License.
b) Accompany the object code with a copy of the GNU GPL and this license
document.
4. Combined Works.
You may convey a Combined Work under terms of your choice that,
taken together, effectively do not restrict modification of the
portions of the Library contained in the Combined Work and reverse
engineering for debugging such modifications, if you also do each of
the following:
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the Library is used in it and that the Library and its use are
covered by this License.
b) Accompany the Combined Work with a copy of the GNU GPL and this license
document.
c) For a Combined Work that displays copyright notices during
execution, include the copyright notice for the Library among
these notices, as well as a reference directing the user to the
copies of the GNU GPL and this license document.
d) Do one of the following:
0) Convey the Minimal Corresponding Source under the terms of this
License, and the Corresponding Application Code in a form
suitable for, and under terms that permit, the user to
recombine or relink the Application with a modified version of
the Linked Version to produce a modified Combined Work, in the
manner specified by section 6 of the GNU GPL for conveying
Corresponding Source.
1) Use a suitable shared library mechanism for linking with the
Library. A suitable mechanism is one that (a) uses at run time
a copy of the Library already present on the user's computer
system, and (b) will operate properly with a modified version
of the Library that is interface-compatible with the Linked
Version.
e) Provide Installation Information, but only if you would otherwise
be required to provide such information under section 6 of the
GNU GPL, and only to the extent that such information is
necessary to install and execute a modified version of the
Combined Work produced by recombining or relinking the
Application with a modified version of the Linked Version. (If
you use option 4d0, the Installation Information must accompany
the Minimal Corresponding Source and Corresponding Application
Code. If you use option 4d1, you must provide the Installation
Information in the manner specified by section 6 of the GNU GPL
for conveying Corresponding Source.)
5. Combined Libraries.
You may place library facilities that are a work based on the
Library side by side in a single library together with other library
facilities that are not Applications and are not covered by this
License, and convey such a combined library under terms of your
choice, if you do both of the following:
a) Accompany the combined library with a copy of the same work based
on the Library, uncombined with any other library facilities,
conveyed under the terms of this License.
b) Give prominent notice with the combined library that part of it
is a work based on the Library, and explaining where to find the
accompanying uncombined form of the same work.
6. Revised Versions of the GNU Lesser General Public License.
The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
of the GNU Lesser General Public License from time to time. Such new
versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may
differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.
Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the
Library as you received it specifies that a certain numbered version
of the GNU Lesser General Public License "or any later version"
applies to it, you have the option of following the terms and
conditions either of that published version or of any later version
published by the Free Software Foundation. If the Library as you
received it does not specify a version number of the GNU Lesser
General Public License, you may choose any version of the GNU Lesser
General Public License ever published by the Free Software Foundation.
If the Library as you received it specifies that a proxy can decide
whether future versions of the GNU Lesser General Public License shall
apply, that proxy's public statement of acceptance of any version is
permanent authorization for you to choose that version for the
Library.

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µbgpsuite -- Micro BGP Suite and Utility library
================================================
# Introduction
`µbgpsuite`, the Micro BGP Suite and Utility library, is a project
aiming to provide a low level library and utilities for
high-performance and flexible network analysis, with special
focus on the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP).
The purpose of this suite is establishing a friendly environment
for research and experimentation of useful data study
techniques to improve network health.
# lonetix -- Low-overhead Networking programming Interface
The project is centered around `lonetix`, a low overhead and
low level networking library written in C.
It provides a set of general functionality to implement the suite utilities.
`lonetix` principles are:
- efficiency: `lonetix` has to be fast and versatile;
- predictability: data structures and functions should be predictable
and reflect the actual protocol, abstraction should not degenerate
into alienation;
- zero copy and zero overhead: be friendly to your target CPU and cache,
you never know just how fast or poweful the target platform will be,
ideally `lonetix` should be capable of performing useful work on embedded
systems as well as full fledged power systems alike;
- lean: try to be self-contained and only introduce dependencies when strictly
necessary.
Extensive documentation of `lonetix` and its API is available.
# Utilities
`lonetix` is the building block of `bgpgrep`, this far our single
utility -- but more of them are coming, right?
`bgpgrep` performs fast and reliable analysis of MRT dumps
collected by most Route Collecting projects. It takes a different
turn compared to most similar tools, in that it provides extensive
filtering utilities, in order to extrapolate only relevant data
out of each MRT dump (and incidentally save quite some time).
In-depth documentation of `bgpgrep` is available in its man page.
# License
The Micro BGP Suite is free software.
You can redistribute the `lonetix` library and/or modify it under the terms of the
GNU Lesser General Public License.
You can redistribute any utility and/or modify it under the terms of the
GNU General Public License.
The Micro BGP Suite is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the license terms for
more details.
See `COPYING.LESSER` for the GNU Lesser General Public License terms,
and `COPYING.GPL` for the GNU General Public License terms.

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Micro BGP Suite history
=======================
This document summarizes a bit of history of the project, it tells you anything
you didn't want to know about `ubgpsuite` and never cared to ask.
`ubgpsuite` was created as an evolution over `bgpscanner` and its companion
library, `isocore`. `bgpscanner` was originally developed by me starting in 2017
as part of the Isolario Project, under the Institute of Informatics and
Telematics of the Italian National Research Council
[IIT-CNR](https://www.iit.cnr.it/).
`bgpscanner` was covered by the MIT license terms and is still available
(as of May 2021) at Isolario's
[website](https://isolario.it/web_content/php/site_content/tools.php).
Despite the fact that `bgpscanner` code was developed mostly by me, the
help of the Isolario team, their patience, and their knowledge about BGP's
nuts and bolts was invaluable to get it rolling.
By mid 2019, my collaboration with IIT-CNR has ceased.
In an attempt to further the concepts behind `bgpscanner` and keep experimenting
with them, I started the `ubgpsuite` project. At this time I was involved with
[Alpha Cogs](https://www.alphacogs.com), a company I co-founded, so I undertook
`ubgpsuite` development and got it moving forward with its financial support.
`ubgpsuite` was born by a partial rewrite of `bgpscanner`, taking advantage of
the fact that there was no more interoperability constrain with a larger
project -- `isocore` was originally intended to be used by other
components inside the Isolario project as well, but that wasn't the
case anymore. This allowed some minor improvement to the codebase, but the
overall software architecture was unchanged. Though `ubgpsuite` was relicensed
under the terms of LGPLv3+ for library code and GPLv3+ for utilities and tools.
The choice was motivated by my intention to keep the project free
(as in freedom) forever, considering that the only reason I was able to continue
developing the code I authored at IIT-CNR and keep the project alive was
its original open source license.
Unfortunately a chronical lack of time, due to more pressing company priorities,
has hit the fan during that year and most of 2020. But finally,
by the end of 2020, I got the chance to dedicate some time to the project.
As a matter of fact, I left Alpha Cogs and devoted a bit of myself to
move `ubgpsuite` and other projects I cared about out of stagnation.
`ubgpsuite` was then outside Alpha Cogs and became the first of
DoubleFourteen Code Forge projects -- 1414° for short, an initiative I
founded to research and develop free software, in the hope of improving
the software ecosystem.
On 2021, a total rewrite of `ubgpsuite` was complete and ready for release,
with this document included. History of the project will thereafter remain
unread.
Keep developing the code you love and enjoy,
---
Lorenzo Cogotti

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:root {
--note-color-darker: #8e7618;
}

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/**
Doxygen Awesome
https://github.com/jothepro/doxygen-awesome-css
MIT License
Copyright (c) 2021 jothepro
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.
*/
:root {
/* side nav width. MUST be = `TREEVIEW_WIDTH`.
* Make sure it is wide enought to contain the page title (logo + title + version)
*/
--side-nav-fixed-width: 350px;
--menu-display: none;
--top-height: 120px;
}
@media screen and (min-width: 768px) {
:root {
--searchbar-background: var(--page-background-color);
}
#side-nav {
min-width: var(--side-nav-fixed-width);
max-width: var(--side-nav-fixed-width);
top: var(--top-height);
}
#nav-tree, #side-nav {
height: calc(100vh - var(--top-height)) !important;
}
#nav-tree {
padding: 0;
}
#top {
display: block;
border-bottom: none;
height: var(--top-height);
margin-bottom: calc(0px - var(--top-height));
max-width: var(--side-nav-fixed-width);
background: var(--side-nav-background);
}
#main-nav {
float: left;
}
.ui-resizable-handle {
cursor: default;
width: 1px !important;
box-shadow: 0 calc(-2 * var(--top-height)) 0 0 var(--separator-color);
}
#nav-path {
position: fixed;
right: 0;
left: var(--side-nav-fixed-width);
bottom: 0;
width: auto;
}
#doc-content {
height: calc(100vh - 31px) !important;
padding-bottom: calc(3 * var(--spacing-large));
padding-top: calc(var(--top-height) - 80px);
box-sizing: border-box;
margin-left: var(--side-nav-fixed-width) !important;
}
#MSearchBox {
width: calc(var(--side-nav-fixed-width) - calc(2 * var(--spacing-medium)));
}
#MSearchField {
width: calc(var(--side-nav-fixed-width) - calc(2 * var(--spacing-medium)) - 65px);
}
#MSearchResultsWindow {
left: var(--spacing-medium) !important;
right: auto;
}
}

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cdata = configuration_data({
'TOP_SRCDIR': meson.source_root(),
'TOP_BUILDDIR': meson.build_root(),
'OUTPUT_DIR': meson.build_root() / 'doc',
'VERSION': meson.project_version(),
'PROJECT_NAME': meson.project_name(),
})
doxyfile = configure_file(input : 'Doxyfile.in',
output : 'Doxyfile',
configuration : cdata,
install : false)
doc_target = custom_target('doc',
build_by_default : false,
build_always_stale : true,
console : true,
command : [ doxygen, doxyfile ],
output : [ 'doc' ])
alias_target('doc', doc_target)

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Low-overhead Networking library Interface
=============================================
# Introdution and philosophy
`lonetix` is a general, performance oriented, C networking library.
Its field of application leans towards high-performance analysis of
Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) data.
`lonetix` is somewhat opinionated, its principles are:
- efficiency: `lonetix` has to be fast and versatile;
- predictability: data structures and functions should be predictable
and reflect the actual protocol, abstraction should not degenerate
into alienation;
- zero copy and zero overhead: be friendly to your target CPU and cache,
you never know just how fast or poweful the target platform will be,
ideally `lonetix` should be capable of performing useful work on embedded
systems as well as full fledged power systems alike;
- lean: try to be self-contained and only introduce dependencies when
necessary.
Following sections further elaborate on these points.
## Efficiency
Network analysis is usually thought as a computationally intensive task,
involving powerful machines capable of crunching large datasets.
Fast prototyping is tipically preferred over carefully planned, optimized code
and tools. Our belief is that careful optimizations, good algorithms and general
libraries may empower scientific research to productively elaborate data faster.
Efficient algorithms and tools make previously prohibitive tasks plausible.
Some researchers have no access to powerful workstations, though devices
commonly available to the general public are capable enough to perform
interesting network analysis tasks.
Good tools should not restrict research, they should encourage it.
Efficiency should be a guiding principle behind `lonetix`, and the main
reason for choosing C as a language.
## Predictability
`lonetix` is a relatively low-level C library. As such it deals with
common software engineering problems. In contrast with common opinion, C has
sufficient means to define a decent level of abstraction.
Powerful abstractions have to be formalized, documented, explained and learned.
Once this process is complete, powerful abstractions need to be used correctly.
Therefore, powerful abstractions need expensive engineering and comprehensive
documentation, they imply a learning curve and a period of practice.
Abstraction is a key software engineering concept only valuable if worthwhile.
Excessive abstraction may distract too much from the intent of a programming
interface, making it more obfuscated, less obvious, thus less predictable.
Additionally, it makes it harder for a programmer using them to guess or
estimate their performance penalty -- a particularly undesirable feature
in a scenario where such estimate could be crucial.
Whenever possible an interface should be transparent to the programmer,
essential, immediate in conveying its purpose and model, keep its field of
application clear and confined.
`lonetix` builds complex abstraction only in face of a sufficient gain.
Simplicity is a virtue, and obvious solutions need less explaination.
Oftentimes, solving a large problem with clear straight to the point code
is testament of a solid approach.
## Zero copy
`lonetix` deals, for the most part, with BGP messages.
Decoding them, ensuring their integrity and accessing their fields
conveniently and efficiently is central to the usefulness of the library.
Most libraries that read messages encoded in a particular protocol,
take the common approach of introducing a decode phase upfront,
with the intent of transforming its raw data into a more palatable
representation for the library.
The obvious advantages of this approach are:
- an efficient resulting data structure that makes it easy to access every
message field when needed;
- any data integrity error is detected upfront, during the transformation.
Situation is specular for message writing.
This approach comes with its own set of disadvantages, though:
- an initial decoding phase implies the whole message is scanned at least
once to organize it in the new data structure, even when only a single field of
the entire message would be relevant to the user;
- CPU architectures greatly benefit from cache reuse, introducing a decode
phase upfront that moves data around from a plain byte buffer to a complex
data structure is usually bad news to the CPU cache;
- more data structures generally imply more memory allocations;
- translating raw data to the target data structure and back may
require more complex API and implementation than providing equivalent
facilities to access raw data directly.
These reasons motivated `lonetix` to explore a more trivial zero-copy approach:
whenever possible `lonetix` should work with raw BGP messages and require no
unnecessary data copy.
Do note that this approach is not perfect either. We simply believe that the
tradeoff is to `lonetix` advantage, and a zero copy approach fits better in
a performance-oriented and predictable library.
Same considerations apply to any portions of the library facing similar
situations (MRT data, other network protocols, etc...).
## Zero overhead
`lonetix` provides comprehensive facilities for network analysis and additional
utility functions for a wide variety of common tasks
(including string utilities, text parsing, etc...).
Library users should not be burdened with overhead for functionality they don't
need.
By design `lonetix` should be modular and require no runtime overhead
(such as background threads, `atexit()` hooks, or static initialization)
unless deemed as positively and unmistakably unavoidable.
`lonetix` is a **static library**, making it possible for the compiler to
strip any unused code from the resulting binary.
Careful coding should always allow to compile the library with
full optimizations on, including Link Time Optimization
(whether the binary should be optimized for space or
speed should be configurable by the user).
## Lean
No external dependency should be introduced unless strictly necessary.
This helps improving portability and makes `lonetix` usable even under
constrained environments.
`lonetix` **does not pursue strict ABI or API stability**.
Given that `lonetix` is a static library, keeping ABI stability is unnecessary.
Strict API stability tends to clutter libraries with large amounts of
legacy code, `lonetix` strives for incremental code improvement.
This sometimes calls for changes to the API and minor interface variations.
Users wishing for specific features from older versions that have been
evicted or changed on current ones, may fetch the older versions and link to
them.
Though API stability is not guaranteed, it should not be broken deliberately,
viable code migration paths should be offered when possible, for sensible use
cases.
# Documentation and examples
Complete project documentation is currently work in progress.
Extensive `Doxygen` API documentation is available for most of the library.
We also believe code should be clear, understandable and idiomatic, so
you can check out the code of any utility using `lonetix`
(for example `bgpgrep`) as a reference of how to take advantage of the library.
# License
`lonetix` is free software. You can redistribute it and/or modify it under
the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License version 3 as published
by the Free Software Foundation, or, at your choice, any subsequent version
of the same license. `lonetix` is distributed in the hope that it will be
useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the license terms for
more details.
See `COPYING.LESSER` under the Micro BGP Suite root project directory for the
GNU Lesser General Public License terms, or see the
[Free Software Foundation website](https://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-3.0.txt).

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// SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-or-later
/**
* \file argv.c
*
* Portable command line argument parsing implementation.
*
* \copyright The DoubleFourteen Code Forge (C) All Rights Reserved
* \author Lorenzo Cogotti
*/
#include "argv.h"
#include "sys/con.h"
#include "utf/utf.h"
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdlib.h> // for getenv() on __GNUC__
#include <string.h>
const char *com_progName = NULL;
const char *com_synopsis = NULL;
const char *com_shortDescr = NULL;
const char *com_longDescr = NULL;
#define OPT_ISLONLY(flag) ((flag)->opt == '-')
#define OPT_HASLONGNAM(flag) ((flag)->longopt != NULL)
#define OPT_ARGNAME(flag) (((flag)->argName) ? (flag)->argName : "arg")
static void PrintHelpMessage(const char *prog, const Optflag *options)
{
if (!prog)
return; // quiet parsing
Sys_Printf(STDOUT, "Usage: %s", prog);
if (com_synopsis)
Sys_Printf(STDOUT, " %s", com_synopsis);
Sys_Print(STDOUT, "\n");
if (com_shortDescr)
Sys_Printf(STDOUT, "%s\n", com_shortDescr);
if (com_longDescr)
Sys_Printf(STDOUT, "\n%s\n\n", com_longDescr);
char buf[MAXUTF + 1];
size_t n;
for (const Optflag *flag = options; flag->opt != '\0'; flag++) {
Sys_Print(STDOUT, " ");
// Single char option name
if (OPT_ISLONLY(flag)) {
// Long option only, leave 2 chars for alignment purposes
assert(flag->longopt);
Sys_Print(STDOUT, " ");
} else {
// Write down single-char option first
n = runetochar(buf, flag->opt);
buf[n] = '\0';
Sys_Printf(STDOUT, "-%s", buf);
}
// Long name and (optional) argument
if (flag->longopt) {
// Write comma if necessary, or leave 2 spaces for alignment
Sys_Print(STDOUT, OPT_ISLONLY(flag) ? " " : ", ");
Sys_Printf(STDOUT, "--%s", flag->longopt);
// Append argument with a leading = sign
switch (flag->hasArg) {
default: assert(FALSE); break;
case ARG_NONE: break;
case ARG_OPT: Sys_Printf(STDOUT, "[=%s]", OPT_ARGNAME(flag)); break;
case ARG_REQ: Sys_Printf(STDOUT, "=%s", OPT_ARGNAME(flag)); break;
}
} else {
// Output argument, short options have no leading =
switch (flag->hasArg) {
default: assert(FALSE); break;
case ARG_NONE: break;
case ARG_OPT: Sys_Printf(STDOUT, " [%s]", OPT_ARGNAME(flag)); break;
case ARG_REQ: Sys_Printf(STDOUT, " <%s>", OPT_ARGNAME(flag)); break;
}
}
if (flag->descr)
Sys_Printf(STDOUT, "\t%s", flag->descr);
Sys_Print(STDOUT, "\n");
}
// Append help options
Sys_Print(STDOUT, " -h, --help\tPrint this help message\n");
Sys_Print(STDOUT, " -?\tEquivalent to -h\n");
}
// If `prog` is not NULL, output an excess argument error (only called for long options).
static void PrintExcessArgError(const char *prog,
const Optflag *flag,
const char *arg)
{
if (!prog)
return; // quiet parse
assert(flag->longopt);
Sys_Printf(STDERR, "%s: Option --%s takes no argument: --%s=%s", prog, flag->longopt, flag->longopt, arg);
}
static void PrintMissingArgError(const char *prog, const Optflag *flag, Boolean longName)
{
if (!prog)
return; // quiet parse
char buf[MAXUTF+1];
const char *nam = NULL;
const char *pfx = (longName) ? "--" : "-";
if (longName)
nam = flag->longopt;
else {
size_t n = runetochar(buf, flag->opt);
buf[n] = '\0';
nam = buf;
}
Sys_Printf(STDERR, "%s: Option", prog);
if (nam)
Sys_Printf(STDERR, " %s%s", pfx, nam);
Sys_Print(STDERR, " requires mandatory argument");
if (flag->argName)
Sys_Printf(STDERR, " <%s>", flag->argName);
Sys_Printf(STDERR, ": %s%s\n", pfx, nam);
}
CHECK_PRINTF(2, 0) static void PrintBadCmdLineError(const char *prog,
const char *fmt,
...)
{
if (!prog)
return; // quiet parsing
va_list va;
va_start(va, fmt);
Sys_Printf(STDERR, "%s: ", prog);
Sys_VPrintf(STDERR, fmt, va);
Sys_Print(STDERR, "\n");
va_end(va);
}
static Optflag *FindLongFlag(const char *p, char **optarg, const char *prog, Optflag *options)
{
char *arg = strchr(p, '=');
*optarg = arg;
char *name;
if (arg) {
size_t n = arg - p;
name = (char *) alloca(n + 1);
memcpy(name, p, n);
name[n] = '\0';
} else
name = (char *) p; // safe
for (Optflag *flag = options; flag->opt != '\0'; flag++) {
if (OPT_HASLONGNAM(flag) && strcmp(flag->longopt, name) == 0) {
flag->flagged = TRUE;
return flag;
}
}
if (prog)
Sys_Printf(STDERR, "%s: Unrecognized option: --%s\n", prog, name);
return NULL;
}
static Optflag *FindFlag(Rune r, const char *prog, Optflag *flags)
{
for (Optflag *flag = flags; flag->opt != '\0'; flag++) {
// NOTE: options with long names are skipped (-- is end of argument list)
if (flag->opt == r) {
flag->flagged = TRUE;
return flag;
}
}
if (prog) {
char buf[MAXUTF + 1];
size_t n = runetochar(buf, r);
buf[n] = '\0';
Sys_Printf(STDERR, "%s: Unrecognized option: -%s\n", prog, buf);
}
return NULL;
}
#ifdef __GNUC__
static void ReorderArgv(int argc, char **argv, const Optflag *options)
{
if (getenv("POSIXLY_CORRECT"))
return; // don't mess with argv is POSIX behavior is requested
USED(argc); USED(argv); USED(options);
// TODO
}
#endif
int Com_ArgParse(int argc, char **argv, Optflag *options, unsigned flags)
{
Optflag *flag;
char *p, *optarg;
// Initial setup
char *prog = NULL; // FindFlag*() functions won't log on NULL `prog`
if ((flags & ARG_QUIET) == 0) {
// Extract program name, so parsing outputs meaningful messages
prog = (char *) com_progName;
if (!prog) {
// Generate from argv[0]
prog = argv[0]; // TODO: basename(argv[0]);
}
}
#ifdef __GNUC__
/* GNU allows program options in any order with respect to program
* arguments, for example:
* ```c
* program file -cv
* ```
* According to POSIX both `file` and `-cv` are program arguments.
* According to GNU `-cv` are options, `file` is a program argument.
*
* To do this GNU getopt() implicitly reorders `argv`.
*/
if ((flags & ARG_NOREORD) == 0)
ReorderArgv(argc, argv, options);
#endif
// Parse argument list
int optind;
for (optind = 1; optind < argc; optind++) {
p = argv[optind];
if (strcmp(p, "--") == 0) {
optind++;
break; // explicit end of command list
}
if (p[0] == '-' && p[1] == '-') {
// GNU style long option
p += 2;
if (strcmp(p, "help") == 0) {
PrintHelpMessage(prog, options);
return OPT_HELP;
}
flag = FindLongFlag(p, &optarg, prog, options);
if (!flag)
return OPT_UNKNOWN;
if (!optarg && flag->hasArg)
optarg = argv[++optind]; // fetch argument from `argv`
if (optarg && flag->hasArg == ARG_NONE) {
PrintExcessArgError(prog, flag, optarg);
return OPT_EXCESSARG;
}
if (!optarg && flag->hasArg == ARG_REQ) {
PrintMissingArgError(prog, flag, /*longName=*/TRUE);
return OPT_ARGMISS;
}
flag->optarg = optarg;
} else if (p[0] == '-' && p[1] != '\0') {
// Unix-style single char option
p++;
do {
Rune r;
p += chartorune(&r, p);
if (r == '-') {
/* This can happen in events like: -a-c
* where a->hasArg == ARG_NONE
*
* There is no way to fix this ambiguity safely:
* * if -c is an argument to -a then it is OPT_EXCESSARG error
* * if -a -- -c problematic because it's counterintuitive
* for the user
* (one could get surprising -c program arguments)
* * if we take it as -a --(force as option) -c it would be
* dangerous (sometimes -- is an option, sometimes an
* end of option list)
*
* NOTE: getopt() appears to do the last, and it's
* horrific
*/
PrintBadCmdLineError(prog, "Ambiguous '-' in short options list: %s", argv[optind]);
return OPT_BADARGV;
}
// Handle single char help requests
if (r == '?' || r == 'h') {
PrintHelpMessage(prog, options);
return OPT_HELP;
}
flag = FindFlag(r, prog, options);
if (!flag)
return OPT_UNKNOWN;
optarg = NULL;
if (flag->hasArg)
optarg = (*p != '\0') ? p : argv[++optind];
if (!optarg && flag->hasArg == ARG_REQ) {
PrintMissingArgError(prog, flag, /*longName=*/FALSE);
return OPT_ARGMISS;
}
flag->optarg = optarg;
} while (*p != '\0');
}
#if 0 && defined(_WIN32) // TODO
else if (p[0] == '/' && p[1] != '\0') {
// DOS style option
}
#endif
else {
// End of argument list, break the loop
break;
}
}
return optind;
}

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// SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-or-later
/**